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The labrum is a cartilaginous rim surrounding the joint socket of the shoulder and hip, deepening the socket, increasing stability, and serving as an attachment point for ligaments. Labrum tears cause instability, pain, and paralabral cyst formation. Treatment in Germany includes arthroscopic refixation and innovative MIBRAR® therapy for biological healing enhancement.
In the shoulder, the glenoid labrum surrounds the scapular socket (glenoid), increasing socket depth by 50% and contact area by 75%. The glenohumeral ligaments, long head of biceps tendon, and joint capsule all attach to it. In the hip, the acetabular labrum acts as a "seal" maintaining synovial fluid inside the joint and providing hydrostatic pressure for cartilage nutrition. Hip labrum damage is one of the leading causes of groin pain in young adults.
In the shoulder, dislocation/subluxation causes labrum avulsion from the glenoid (Bankart lesion). Overhead sports (baseball, tennis, volleyball) cause SLAP lesions (superior labrum). Falls on an outstretched arm produce compression SLAP injuries. Degenerative changes weaken labral tissue after age 40.
In the hip, femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) causes >80% of tears through labral entrapment between the femoral head and acetabular rim. Acetabular dysplasia overloads the labrum through inadequate head coverage. Trauma from motor vehicle accidents and sports injuries and degeneration with coxarthrosis complete the picture.
The classification of labral injuries has fundamental importance for treatment selection, as each tear type has its own mechanism, location, and prognosis. The most well-known are Bankart lesions (after shoulder dislocation) and SLAP injuries (in overhead athletes). In the hip, the primary cause is femoroacetabular impingement where abnormal femoral head or acetabular rim morphology traumatizes the labrum during specific movements.
| Type | Joint | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Bankart | Shoulder | Anteroinferior labrum avulsion + glenohumeral ligaments. Cause of anterior instability (post-dislocation) |
| SLAP | Shoulder | Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior injury. Associated with throwing motions |
| FAI tear | Hip | Anterosuperior labrum. Tear from entrapment during flexion + internal rotation |
| Degenerative | Both | Gradual labral tissue destruction with arthrosis |
The clinical picture depends on location and injury type. Common to both joints is a sense of instability, mechanical symptoms (clicking, "catching"), and pain with specific movements. In the shoulder: pain with overhead movements, sensation of "slipping out," clicking, pain with abduction and external rotation (Bankart), and weakness. In the hip: groin pain radiating to the thigh, clicking with movements, pain with prolonged sitting and deep squatting, sensation of "locking," and limited internal rotation.
Clinical examination uses specific tests — Apprehension (instability), O'Brien (SLAP), Speed (biceps) for the shoulder; FADIR and FABER for the hip. MR arthrography (contrast-enhanced MRI) is the gold standard with 90–95% sensitivity. CT arthrography provides an alternative with bone detail. Radiography excludes arthrosis, dysplasia, and bone defects. For the hip, FAI (cam/pincer) assessment is essential. Diagnostic arthroscopy provides direct labral visualization.
Not every labrum tear requires surgery. Conservative management is appropriate for degenerative injuries, SLAP type II in patients over 40, and absence of joint instability. The program focuses on strengthening stabilizer muscles that compensate for lost labral stabilizing function. Exercise therapy strengthens the rotator cuff (shoulder) or gluteal muscles (hip). NSAIDs manage pain. Activity modification eliminates provocative movements. Intra-articular injections serve both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Labrum tears (Labrumrisse) are included in the indications for MIBRAR® technology. The method stimulates labral tissue regeneration through intra-articular ARC transplantation, especially effective for partial tears and degenerative changes. As biological augmentation of arthroscopic repair, it enriches the refixation zone with growth factors and stem cells for faster bone integration. It simultaneously regenerates joint cartilage for associated chondral injuries and eliminates paralabral cysts by stimulating labral defect healing. The procedure uses Sono Control Arm™ guidance (0.1 mm precision) or supplements arthroscopy. MIBRAR® micro-arthroscopy through micro-sized instruments minimizes tissue trauma. Outpatient, without anesthesia.
Arthroscopic surgery is performed through 2–3 punctures of 5 mm, providing excellent intra-articular visualization with minimal tissue trauma using HD cameras and modern anchor systems for secure labral fixation to bone.
For the shoulder: arthroscopic Bankart repair (labrum-to-glenoid anchor fixation, 90–95% success), SLAP repair for young athletes or biceps tenodesis for patients over 40, and the Latarjet procedure for glenoid bone defects. For the hip: arthroscopic labral refixation with anchor systems and mandatory FAI correction (cam/pincer bone protrusion resection — without impingement correction, the labrum will re-tear).
| Service | Price, € | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Diagnostics (MR arthrography + exam) | 3,000–5,000 | 1 day |
| MIBRAR® therapy | on request | outpatient |
| Arthroscopic Bankart repair (shoulder) | 8,000–14,000 | 1–3 days inpatient |
| Hip arthroscopy (labrum + FAI) | 10,000–16,000 | 2–3 days inpatient |
| Latarjet procedure (shoulder) | 12,000–18,000 | 2–3 days inpatient |
All treatment prices in Germany.
Germany offers precise MR arthrography diagnostics, MIBRAR® therapy for labrum and cartilage regeneration without surgery or as repair augmentation, world-class arthroscopic surgery for both shoulder and hip, cause correction (FAI, instability) preventing recurrence, individual rehabilitation at world-class clinics, and multilingual assistance.
A labrum tear does not heal on its own — it requires expert treatment. Contact us for surgeon selection and a treatment program in Germany.
+49 176 17917001 
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